Electronic commerce 9th edition answers

Businesses take a variety of approaches to generating revenue on the Web. The items are located, reviewed, and purchased on the Web, and then shipped to the buyer. Some companies sell only on the Web. CafePress b. Hewlett-Packard d. A video demonstrating the product is often available b. It is simple to compare prices c. Shipping is usually free d. You can shop any time of the day or night. Blockbuster c. NetFlix b. Google Stocks d.

Dow Jones Flash. Webcasts b. Chat rooms. C2C c. C2B d. Trust Verified c. Good Seller b. Top-rated d. Bargain Hunter. Buyer Beware c. Seller Beware b. Buyer Protection d.

Seller Protection. Focused marketing c. Advertising b. Tailor marketing d. Target marketing. Banner c. Pop-up b. Sponsorship d. Contextual b. Pop-up d. Strategic c. Corporate b. Merger d. Upromise c. USave b. Future Fund d. SaleGrabber c. PriceGrabber b. SaleGetter d. Text ads are simple text-based links that appear within the body of a Web page and are related to the content.

Contextual ads change based on the content you are viewing or searching. They often appear on a separate Sponsors page or area of the Web site.

Sponsorship c. Banner d. YouTube c. MyTube b. YouVideo d. Interstate c. Interstitial b. Intermediary d. Opinion ads c. Blogs b. Review ads d. Classified b. Text d. Digital wallet c. Electronic wallet d. When ordering items online, usually shipments can most inexpensively travel through the U. FedEx c. DHL b. UPS d. EFT c. BAQs c. LAQs b. FAQs d. Amazon has different sites for Canada, Spain, and Germany. RFP c. EFT b. TOS d. Case You work for a consulting agency.

A client has approached your company to get advice. They will be creating widgets, and want to do a good deal of their business on the Web. You are assigned to help answer their questions. They include selling widgets wholesale to factories, as well as offering product service and technical support to those factories.

Introduce the terms upstream bandwidth upload bandwidth and downstream bandwidth downstream bandwidth or downlink bandwidth. Voice-Grade Telephone Connections 1. Introduce the terms plain old telephone service POTS and broadband services. Broadband Services 1. Explain that DSL connection methods do not use a modem. Note that unlike DSL, cable modem connection bandwidths vary with the number of other subscribers competing for the shared resource.

Leased-Line Connections 1. Introduce the terms T1 line, T3 line, frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode ATM , and optical fiber. Wireless Connections Note that the Internet was built on telephone company wires and infrastructure but that many Internet users today use some form of wireless connection.

Wireless Ethernet Wi-Fi 1. Introduce the terms Wi-Fi and wireless Ethernet. Note that the technology is also known by its network specification number Introduce the terms wireless access point WAP , roaming, and hot spots. Personal area networks 1. One major advantage of Bluetooth technology is that it consumes very little power, which is an important consideration for mobile devices. Many observers believe that UWB technologies will be used in future personal area networking applications such as home media centers and in linking mobile phones to the Internet.

An increasing number of applications have been developed to run on ZigBee that control home energy management systems including lighting, heating, cooling , commercial building automation, security systems, and remote controls for consumer electronic products.

Fixed-Point Wireless 1. Introduce the terms fixed-point wireless, repeaters transceivers and mesh routing. Satellite Microwave 1. Satellite microwave transmissions made Internet connection possible for the first time to many people in rural areas and are now used by airlines to provide inflight Internet. While satellite networks were the only option for many years, many types of wireless networks are now available. Mobile Telephone Networks 1. Introduce the term short message service SMS.

Note that most tablet devices, mobile phones, and smartphones have the ability to use either a mobile telephone network or a locally available wireless network. Refer to Figure to summarize the speed and cost information for the most commonly available wired and wireless options for connecting a home or business to the Internet.

Answer: Bandwidth. The telephone lines used to cover the vast distances between rural customers are usually lines, which cost less than telephone lines designed to carry data, are made of lower-grade copper, and were never intended to carry data. Answer: voice-grade 4. Many mobile phones have a small screen and can be used to send and receive short text messages using a protocol called. Answer: short message service SMS. Internet2 and the Semantic Web 1. Students will find it interesting to learn that Internet2 is also used by universities to conduct large collaborative research projects that require several supercomputers connected at very fast speeds or that use multiple video feeds, features that would be impossible on the Internet given its lower bandwidth limits.

Introduce the terms Semantic Web, software agents, resource description framework RDF , and ontology. Note that thus far, several areas of scientific inquiry have begun developing ontologies that will become the building blocks of the Semantic Web in their areas. Biology, genomics, and medicine have all made progress toward specific ontologies.

Other sciences, such as climatology, hydrology, and oceanography have similar incentives as many researchers around the world work on common problems such as global warming and scientists are developing ontologies for their disciplines. Introduce students to the Dbpedia project. Note that current commercial applications of Semantic Web community research include the natural language interfaces of mobile phone search utilities such as Siri and Google Now.

Answer: Internet2. A n is a set of standards for XML syntax. Answer: resource description framework RDF 3. The project envisions words on Web pages being tagged using XML with their meanings. Answer: Semantic Web 4. A n is a set of standards that defines, in detail, the relationships among RDF standards and specific XML tags within a particular knowledge domain.

Answer: ontology. Class Discussion Topics 1. Is there a practical application for the W3C Semantic Web? What is the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web? What do you think is the main motivation for the creation of Internet2?

What is a software agent and why is it such an integral part of Internet2? Additional Projects 1. Provide answers for the following questions: a. How will Internet2 benefit current Internet users? Is Internet2 a separate network and will it replace the current commercial Internet? What kind of technology will be needed to use the advanced Internet applications and technologies? Describe how a VPN connection using IP tunneling allows company employees in remote locations to send sensitive information to company computers.

Additional Resources 1. It provides transmission bandwidths from to Kbps upstream and from 1. Anchor tag: used to create HTML hyperlinks. Asymmetric connections: provide different bandwidths for each direction. Asymmetric digital subscriber line ADSL : one of the newest technologies that uses the DSL protocol to provide service in the broadband range. Backbone routers: very large computers that can each handle more than 5 billion packets per second.

Bandwidth: the amount of data that can travel through a communication line per unit of time. Base 2 binary : number system in which each digit is either a 0 or a 1, corresponding to a condition of either off or on. Bluetooth: one of the first wireless protocols, designed for personal use over short distances.

Border router: the computer that decides how best to forward each packet. Broadband: connections that operate at speeds of greater than about Kbps. Cascading style sheet CSS : a specific type of style sheet that can be applied to each Web page, one on top of the other, and the styles from each style sheet flow or cascade into the next.

Circuit: the combination of telephone lines and the closed switches that connect them to each other. Circuit switching: centrally controlled, single-connection model where a single path of connected circuits switched into each other is maintained for the entire length of the call.

Closed architecture: in the early days of computing, the practice of each computer manufacturer creating its own protocol, so computers made by different manufacturers could not be connected to each other. Closing tag: HTML tag that formats text. Computer network: any technology that allows people to connect computers to each other.

Configuration tables: information stored includes lists of connections that lead to particular groups of other routers, rules that specify which connections to use first, and rules for handling instances of heavy packet traffic and network congestion. Data-type definitions DTDs : are common standards for XML tags that are available for many industries including legal, math and science and accounting and finance. Deep Web: the store of information that is available through the Web.

Digital subscriber line DSL : connection methods do not use a modem. They use a piece of networking equipment that is a form of network switch. Domain name: set of words that are assigned to specific IP addresses.

Dotted decimal: four numbers separated by periods. Downlink bandwidth: a measure of the amount of information that can travel from the Internet to a user in a given amount of time.

Download bandwidth: a measure of the amount of information that can travel from the Internet to a user in a given amount of time. Downstream bandwidth: a measure of the amount of information that can travel from the Internet to a user in a given amount of time. It provides transmission bandwidths from to Kbps upstream and from 1 to 15 Mbps million bits per second downstream.

Edge router: the computers that decide how best to forward each packet. Electronic mail: mail sent across the Internet. E-mail: mail sent across the Internet. E-mail client software: communicates with the e-mail server software on the e-mail server computer to send and receive e-mail messages.

E-mail server: a computer that is devoted to handling e-mail. Software that runs on the e-mail server stores and forwards e-mail messages. Encapsulation: placing the encrypted packets inside another packet. Used to mark up information that companies share with each other over the Internet.

Extranet: an intranet that has been extended to include specific entities outside the boundaries of the organization, such as business partners, customers, or suppliers. Fixed-point wireless: uses a system of repeaters to forward a radio signal from the ISP to customers.

Fourth-generation 4G wireless technology: wireless technology that offers download speeds up to 14 Mbps and upload speeds up to 8 Mbps. Frame relay: used by NAPs and the computers that perform routing functions on the Internet backbone. Gateway computers: the computer that decides how best to forward each packet. Graphical user interface GUI : a way of presenting program control functions and program output to users and accepting their input.

Hexadecimal base 16 : numbering system that uses 16 digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, a, b, c, d, e, and f. Hierarchical hyperlink structure: in this structure, the Web user opens an introductory page called a home page or start page.

Home page: an introductory page. This page contains one or more links to other pages, and those pages, in turn, link to other pages. Hot spots: WAPs that are open to the public. Hyperlink: points to another location in the same or another HTML document.

Hypertext: page-linking system. Hypertext element: text elements that are related to each other. Hypertext link: points to another location in the same or another HTML document. Internet: global system of interconnected computer networks. Internet access providers IAPs : companies that provide Internet access to individuals, businesses, and other organizations.

Internet hosts: computers directly connected to the Internet. Internet of Things: the subset of the Internet that includes these computers and sensors connected to each other for communication and automatic transaction processing. Internet Protocol version 4 IPv4 : uses a bit number to identify the computers connected to the Internet. Internet Protocol version 6 IPv6 : uses a bit number for addresses instead of the bit number used in IPv4. Internet service providers ISPs : offer many different types of connections to the Internet.

Internet2: an experimental test bed for new networking technologies that is separate from the original Internet. Intranet: an internet that does not extend beyond the organization that created it. IP address: a bit number used to identify the computers connected to the Internet. IP tunneling: creates a private passageway through the public Internet that provides secure transmission from one computer to another.

IP wrapper: the outer packet of an encrypted packet. Leased line: a permanent telephone connection between two points. Linear hyperlink structure: resembles conventional paper documents in that the reader begins on the first page and clicks the Next button to move to the next page in a serial fashion.

Local area network LAN : a network of computers that are located close together. Mailing list: an e-mail address that forwards any message it receives to any user who has subscribed to the list. Markup tags: provide formatting instructions that Web client software can understand. Mesh routing: directly transmits Wi-Fi packets through hundreds, or even thousands, of short-range transceivers that are located close to each other.

Metalanguage: a language that can be used to define other languages. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME : a set of rules for handling binary files, such as word-processing documents, spreadsheets, photos, or sound clips that are attached to e-mail messages. Net bandwidth: the actual amount of data that is transmitted per second. Network access providers: sell Internet access rights directly to larger customers and indirectly to smaller firms and individuals Network Address Translation NAT device: converts private IP addresses into normal IP addresses when it forwards packets from computers to the Internet.

Network specification: the set of rules that equipment connected to the network must follow. Newsgroups: the more than different topic areas used by Usenet. Ontology: a set of standards that defines, in detail, the relationships among RDF standards and specific XML tags within a particular knowledge domain. Open architecture: included the use of a common protocol for all computers connected to the Internet and four key rules for message handling.

Opening tag: HTML tag that formats text. Optical fiber: technology used by NAPs. Packet-switched network : on this network, files and e-mail messages are broken down into small pieces, called packets, that are labeled electronically with their origins, sequences, and destination addresses. Packets: files and e-mail messages are broken down into small pieces. Personal area networks PANs : small Bluetooth networks. Piconets: small Bluetooth networks. Plain old telephone service POTS : uses existing telephone lines and an analog modem to provide a bandwidth of between 28 and 56 Kbps.

Private IP addresses: a series of IP numbers that are not permitted on packets that travel on the Internet. Private network: a leased-line connection between two companies that physically connects their intranets to one another. Proprietary architecture: in the early days of computing, each computer manufacturer created its own protocol, so computers made by different manufacturers could not be connected to each other.

Protocol: a collection of rules for formatting, ordering, and error checking data sent across a network. Public network: any computer network or telecommunications network that is available to the public. It would function as a dictionary for all XML tags used on the Web. Roaming: shifting from one WAP to another, without requiring intervention by the user. Router computers: the computers that decide how best to forward each packet.

Routers: the computer that decides how best to forward each packet. Routing algorithms: rules in programs on router computers that determine the best path on which to send each packet.

Routing computers: the computers that decide how best to forward each packet. Routing tables: information stored includes lists of connections that lead to particular groups of other routers, rules that specify which connections to use first, and rules for handling instances of heavy packet traffic and network congestion.

Short message service SMS : protocol used by many mobile phones have a small screen and can be used to send and receive short text messages. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP : specifies the format of a mail message and describes how mail is to be administered on the e-mail server and transmitted on the Internet.

Software agents: intelligent programs used to read XML tags to determine the meaning of words in their contexts. Standard Generalized Markup Language SGML : used for many years by the publishing industry to create documents that needed to be printed in various formats and that were revised frequently.

Start page: contains one or more links to other pages, and those pages, in turn, link to other pages. Style sheet: a set of instructions that gives Web developers more control over the format of displayed pages. Symmetric connection: provides the same bandwidth in both directions.

Tags: provide formatting instructions that Web client software can understand. Text markup language: specifies a set of tags that are inserted into the text. Third-generation 3G wireless technology: offers download speeds up to 2 Mbps and upload speeds up to Kbps. Top-level domain TLD : the rightmost part of a domain name. Transmission Control Protocol TCP : controls the disassembly of a message or a file into packets before it is transmitted over the Internet, and it controls the reassembly of those packets into their original formats when they reach their destinations.

Ultra Wideband UWB : provides wide bandwidth up to about Mbps in current versions connections over short distances 30 to feet. Upload bandwidth: a measure of the amount of information that can travel from the user to the Internet in a given amount of time. Upstream bandwidth: a measure of the amount of information that can travel from the user to the Internet in a given amount of time.

Usenet: allows anyone who connects to the network to read and post articles on a variety of subjects. Virtual private network VPN : a connection that uses public networks and their protocols to send data in a way that protects the data as well as a private network would, but at a lower cost.

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